Source file src/go/printer/testdata/parser.go

     1  // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
     2  // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
     3  // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
     4  
     5  // Package parser implements a parser for Go source files. Input may be
     6  // provided in a variety of forms (see the various Parse* functions); the
     7  // output is an abstract syntax tree (AST) representing the Go source. The
     8  // parser is invoked through one of the Parse* functions.
     9  
    10  package parser
    11  
    12  import (
    13  	"fmt"
    14  	"go/ast"
    15  	"go/scanner"
    16  	"go/token"
    17  )
    18  
    19  // The mode parameter to the Parse* functions is a set of flags (or 0).
    20  // They control the amount of source code parsed and other optional
    21  // parser functionality.
    22  //
    23  const (
    24  	PackageClauseOnly uint = 1 << iota // parsing stops after package clause
    25  	ImportsOnly                        // parsing stops after import declarations
    26  	ParseComments                      // parse comments and add them to AST
    27  	Trace                              // print a trace of parsed productions
    28  	DeclarationErrors                  // report declaration errors
    29  )
    30  
    31  // The parser structure holds the parser's internal state.
    32  type parser struct {
    33  	file *token.File
    34  	scanner.ErrorVector
    35  	scanner scanner.Scanner
    36  
    37  	// Tracing/debugging
    38  	mode   uint // parsing mode
    39  	trace  bool // == (mode & Trace != 0)
    40  	indent uint // indentation used for tracing output
    41  
    42  	// Comments
    43  	comments    []*ast.CommentGroup
    44  	leadComment *ast.CommentGroup // last lead comment
    45  	lineComment *ast.CommentGroup // last line comment
    46  
    47  	// Next token
    48  	pos token.Pos   // token position
    49  	tok token.Token // one token look-ahead
    50  	lit string      // token literal
    51  
    52  	// Non-syntactic parser control
    53  	exprLev int // < 0: in control clause, >= 0: in expression
    54  
    55  	// Ordinary identifier scopes
    56  	pkgScope   *ast.Scope        // pkgScope.Outer == nil
    57  	topScope   *ast.Scope        // top-most scope; may be pkgScope
    58  	unresolved []*ast.Ident      // unresolved identifiers
    59  	imports    []*ast.ImportSpec // list of imports
    60  
    61  	// Label scope
    62  	// (maintained by open/close LabelScope)
    63  	labelScope  *ast.Scope     // label scope for current function
    64  	targetStack [][]*ast.Ident // stack of unresolved labels
    65  }
    66  
    67  // scannerMode returns the scanner mode bits given the parser's mode bits.
    68  func scannerMode(mode uint) uint {
    69  	var m uint = scanner.InsertSemis
    70  	if mode&ParseComments != 0 {
    71  		m |= scanner.ScanComments
    72  	}
    73  	return m
    74  }
    75  
    76  func (p *parser) init(fset *token.FileSet, filename string, src []byte, mode uint) {
    77  	p.file = fset.AddFile(filename, fset.Base(), len(src))
    78  	p.scanner.Init(p.file, src, p, scannerMode(mode))
    79  
    80  	p.mode = mode
    81  	p.trace = mode&Trace != 0 // for convenience (p.trace is used frequently)
    82  
    83  	p.next()
    84  
    85  	// set up the pkgScope here (as opposed to in parseFile) because
    86  	// there are other parser entry points (ParseExpr, etc.)
    87  	p.openScope()
    88  	p.pkgScope = p.topScope
    89  
    90  	// for the same reason, set up a label scope
    91  	p.openLabelScope()
    92  }
    93  
    94  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    95  // Scoping support
    96  
    97  func (p *parser) openScope() {
    98  	p.topScope = ast.NewScope(p.topScope)
    99  }
   100  
   101  func (p *parser) closeScope() {
   102  	p.topScope = p.topScope.Outer
   103  }
   104  
   105  func (p *parser) openLabelScope() {
   106  	p.labelScope = ast.NewScope(p.labelScope)
   107  	p.targetStack = append(p.targetStack, nil)
   108  }
   109  
   110  func (p *parser) closeLabelScope() {
   111  	// resolve labels
   112  	n := len(p.targetStack) - 1
   113  	scope := p.labelScope
   114  	for _, ident := range p.targetStack[n] {
   115  		ident.Obj = scope.Lookup(ident.Name)
   116  		if ident.Obj == nil && p.mode&DeclarationErrors != 0 {
   117  			p.error(ident.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("label %s undefined", ident.Name))
   118  		}
   119  	}
   120  	// pop label scope
   121  	p.targetStack = p.targetStack[0:n]
   122  	p.labelScope = p.labelScope.Outer
   123  }
   124  
   125  func (p *parser) declare(decl any, scope *ast.Scope, kind ast.ObjKind, idents ...*ast.Ident) {
   126  	for _, ident := range idents {
   127  		assert(ident.Obj == nil, "identifier already declared or resolved")
   128  		if ident.Name != "_" {
   129  			obj := ast.NewObj(kind, ident.Name)
   130  			// remember the corresponding declaration for redeclaration
   131  			// errors and global variable resolution/typechecking phase
   132  			obj.Decl = decl
   133  			if alt := scope.Insert(obj); alt != nil && p.mode&DeclarationErrors != 0 {
   134  				prevDecl := ""
   135  				if pos := alt.Pos(); pos.IsValid() {
   136  					prevDecl = fmt.Sprintf("\n\tprevious declaration at %s", p.file.Position(pos))
   137  				}
   138  				p.error(ident.Pos(), fmt.Sprintf("%s redeclared in this block%s", ident.Name, prevDecl))
   139  			}
   140  			ident.Obj = obj
   141  		}
   142  	}
   143  }
   144  
   145  func (p *parser) shortVarDecl(idents []*ast.Ident) {
   146  	// Go spec: A short variable declaration may redeclare variables
   147  	// provided they were originally declared in the same block with
   148  	// the same type, and at least one of the non-blank variables is new.
   149  	n := 0 // number of new variables
   150  	for _, ident := range idents {
   151  		assert(ident.Obj == nil, "identifier already declared or resolved")
   152  		if ident.Name != "_" {
   153  			obj := ast.NewObj(ast.Var, ident.Name)
   154  			// short var declarations cannot have redeclaration errors
   155  			// and are not global => no need to remember the respective
   156  			// declaration
   157  			alt := p.topScope.Insert(obj)
   158  			if alt == nil {
   159  				n++ // new declaration
   160  				alt = obj
   161  			}
   162  			ident.Obj = alt
   163  		}
   164  	}
   165  	if n == 0 && p.mode&DeclarationErrors != 0 {
   166  		p.error(idents[0].Pos(), "no new variables on left side of :=")
   167  	}
   168  }
   169  
   170  // The unresolved object is a sentinel to mark identifiers that have been added
   171  // to the list of unresolved identifiers. The sentinel is only used for verifying
   172  // internal consistency.
   173  var unresolved = new(ast.Object)
   174  
   175  func (p *parser) resolve(x ast.Expr) {
   176  	// nothing to do if x is not an identifier or the blank identifier
   177  	ident, _ := x.(*ast.Ident)
   178  	if ident == nil {
   179  		return
   180  	}
   181  	assert(ident.Obj == nil, "identifier already declared or resolved")
   182  	if ident.Name == "_" {
   183  		return
   184  	}
   185  	// try to resolve the identifier
   186  	for s := p.topScope; s != nil; s = s.Outer {
   187  		if obj := s.Lookup(ident.Name); obj != nil {
   188  			ident.Obj = obj
   189  			return
   190  		}
   191  	}
   192  	// all local scopes are known, so any unresolved identifier
   193  	// must be found either in the file scope, package scope
   194  	// (perhaps in another file), or universe scope --- collect
   195  	// them so that they can be resolved later
   196  	ident.Obj = unresolved
   197  	p.unresolved = append(p.unresolved, ident)
   198  }
   199  
   200  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   201  // Parsing support
   202  
   203  func (p *parser) printTrace(a ...any) {
   204  	const dots = ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " +
   205  		". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "
   206  	const n = uint(len(dots))
   207  	pos := p.file.Position(p.pos)
   208  	fmt.Printf("%5d:%3d: ", pos.Line, pos.Column)
   209  	i := 2 * p.indent
   210  	for ; i > n; i -= n {
   211  		fmt.Print(dots)
   212  	}
   213  	fmt.Print(dots[0:i])
   214  	fmt.Println(a...)
   215  }
   216  
   217  func trace(p *parser, msg string) *parser {
   218  	p.printTrace(msg, "(")
   219  	p.indent++
   220  	return p
   221  }
   222  
   223  // Usage pattern: defer un(trace(p, "..."));
   224  func un(p *parser) {
   225  	p.indent--
   226  	p.printTrace(")")
   227  }
   228  
   229  // Advance to the next token.
   230  func (p *parser) next0() {
   231  	// Because of one-token look-ahead, print the previous token
   232  	// when tracing as it provides a more readable output. The
   233  	// very first token (!p.pos.IsValid()) is not initialized
   234  	// (it is token.ILLEGAL), so don't print it.
   235  	if p.trace && p.pos.IsValid() {
   236  		s := p.tok.String()
   237  		switch {
   238  		case p.tok.IsLiteral():
   239  			p.printTrace(s, p.lit)
   240  		case p.tok.IsOperator(), p.tok.IsKeyword():
   241  			p.printTrace("\"" + s + "\"")
   242  		default:
   243  			p.printTrace(s)
   244  		}
   245  	}
   246  
   247  	p.pos, p.tok, p.lit = p.scanner.Scan()
   248  }
   249  
   250  // Consume a comment and return it and the line on which it ends.
   251  func (p *parser) consumeComment() (comment *ast.Comment, endline int) {
   252  	// /*-style comments may end on a different line than where they start.
   253  	// Scan the comment for '\n' chars and adjust endline accordingly.
   254  	endline = p.file.Line(p.pos)
   255  	if p.lit[1] == '*' {
   256  		// don't use range here - no need to decode Unicode code points
   257  		for i := 0; i < len(p.lit); i++ {
   258  			if p.lit[i] == '\n' {
   259  				endline++
   260  			}
   261  		}
   262  	}
   263  
   264  	comment = &ast.Comment{p.pos, p.lit}
   265  	p.next0()
   266  
   267  	return
   268  }
   269  
   270  // Consume a group of adjacent comments, add it to the parser's
   271  // comments list, and return it together with the line at which
   272  // the last comment in the group ends. An empty line or non-comment
   273  // token terminates a comment group.
   274  //
   275  func (p *parser) consumeCommentGroup() (comments *ast.CommentGroup, endline int) {
   276  	var list []*ast.Comment
   277  	endline = p.file.Line(p.pos)
   278  	for p.tok == token.COMMENT && endline+1 >= p.file.Line(p.pos) {
   279  		var comment *ast.Comment
   280  		comment, endline = p.consumeComment()
   281  		list = append(list, comment)
   282  	}
   283  
   284  	// add comment group to the comments list
   285  	comments = &ast.CommentGroup{list}
   286  	p.comments = append(p.comments, comments)
   287  
   288  	return
   289  }
   290  
   291  // Advance to the next non-comment token. In the process, collect
   292  // any comment groups encountered, and remember the last lead and
   293  // line comments.
   294  //
   295  // A lead comment is a comment group that starts and ends in a
   296  // line without any other tokens and that is followed by a non-comment
   297  // token on the line immediately after the comment group.
   298  //
   299  // A line comment is a comment group that follows a non-comment
   300  // token on the same line, and that has no tokens after it on the line
   301  // where it ends.
   302  //
   303  // Lead and line comments may be considered documentation that is
   304  // stored in the AST.
   305  //
   306  func (p *parser) next() {
   307  	p.leadComment = nil
   308  	p.lineComment = nil
   309  	line := p.file.Line(p.pos) // current line
   310  	p.next0()
   311  
   312  	if p.tok == token.COMMENT {
   313  		var comment *ast.CommentGroup
   314  		var endline int
   315  
   316  		if p.file.Line(p.pos) == line {
   317  			// The comment is on same line as the previous token; it
   318  			// cannot be a lead comment but may be a line comment.
   319  			comment, endline = p.consumeCommentGroup()
   320  			if p.file.Line(p.pos) != endline {
   321  				// The next token is on a different line, thus
   322  				// the last comment group is a line comment.
   323  				p.lineComment = comment
   324  			}
   325  		}
   326  
   327  		// consume successor comments, if any
   328  		endline = -1
   329  		for p.tok == token.COMMENT {
   330  			comment, endline = p.consumeCommentGroup()
   331  		}
   332  
   333  		if endline+1 == p.file.Line(p.pos) {
   334  			// The next token is following on the line immediately after the
   335  			// comment group, thus the last comment group is a lead comment.
   336  			p.leadComment = comment
   337  		}
   338  	}
   339  }
   340  
   341  func (p *parser) error(pos token.Pos, msg string) {
   342  	p.Error(p.file.Position(pos), msg)
   343  }
   344  
   345  func (p *parser) errorExpected(pos token.Pos, msg string) {
   346  	msg = "expected " + msg
   347  	if pos == p.pos {
   348  		// the error happened at the current position;
   349  		// make the error message more specific
   350  		if p.tok == token.SEMICOLON && p.lit[0] == '\n' {
   351  			msg += ", found newline"
   352  		} else {
   353  			msg += ", found '" + p.tok.String() + "'"
   354  			if p.tok.IsLiteral() {
   355  				msg += " " + p.lit
   356  			}
   357  		}
   358  	}
   359  	p.error(pos, msg)
   360  }
   361  
   362  func (p *parser) expect(tok token.Token) token.Pos {
   363  	pos := p.pos
   364  	if p.tok != tok {
   365  		p.errorExpected(pos, "'"+tok.String()+"'")
   366  	}
   367  	p.next() // make progress
   368  	return pos
   369  }
   370  
   371  func (p *parser) expectSemi() {
   372  	if p.tok != token.RPAREN && p.tok != token.RBRACE {
   373  		p.expect(token.SEMICOLON)
   374  	}
   375  }
   376  
   377  func assert(cond bool, msg string) {
   378  	if !cond {
   379  		panic("go/parser internal error: " + msg)
   380  	}
   381  }
   382  
   383  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   384  // Identifiers
   385  
   386  func (p *parser) parseIdent() *ast.Ident {
   387  	pos := p.pos
   388  	name := "_"
   389  	if p.tok == token.IDENT {
   390  		name = p.lit
   391  		p.next()
   392  	} else {
   393  		p.expect(token.IDENT) // use expect() error handling
   394  	}
   395  	return &ast.Ident{pos, name, nil}
   396  }
   397  
   398  func (p *parser) parseIdentList() (list []*ast.Ident) {
   399  	if p.trace {
   400  		defer un(trace(p, "IdentList"))
   401  	}
   402  
   403  	list = append(list, p.parseIdent())
   404  	for p.tok == token.COMMA {
   405  		p.next()
   406  		list = append(list, p.parseIdent())
   407  	}
   408  
   409  	return
   410  }
   411  
   412  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   413  // Common productions
   414  
   415  // If lhs is set, result list elements which are identifiers are not resolved.
   416  func (p *parser) parseExprList(lhs bool) (list []ast.Expr) {
   417  	if p.trace {
   418  		defer un(trace(p, "ExpressionList"))
   419  	}
   420  
   421  	list = append(list, p.parseExpr(lhs))
   422  	for p.tok == token.COMMA {
   423  		p.next()
   424  		list = append(list, p.parseExpr(lhs))
   425  	}
   426  
   427  	return
   428  }
   429  
   430  func (p *parser) parseLhsList() []ast.Expr {
   431  	list := p.parseExprList(true)
   432  	switch p.tok {
   433  	case token.DEFINE:
   434  		// lhs of a short variable declaration
   435  		p.shortVarDecl(p.makeIdentList(list))
   436  	case token.COLON:
   437  		// lhs of a label declaration or a communication clause of a select
   438  		// statement (parseLhsList is not called when parsing the case clause
   439  		// of a switch statement):
   440  		// - labels are declared by the caller of parseLhsList
   441  		// - for communication clauses, if there is a stand-alone identifier
   442  		//   followed by a colon, we have a syntax error; there is no need
   443  		//   to resolve the identifier in that case
   444  	default:
   445  		// identifiers must be declared elsewhere
   446  		for _, x := range list {
   447  			p.resolve(x)
   448  		}
   449  	}
   450  	return list
   451  }
   452  
   453  func (p *parser) parseRhsList() []ast.Expr {
   454  	return p.parseExprList(false)
   455  }
   456  
   457  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   458  // Types
   459  
   460  func (p *parser) parseType() ast.Expr {
   461  	if p.trace {
   462  		defer un(trace(p, "Type"))
   463  	}
   464  
   465  	typ := p.tryType()
   466  
   467  	if typ == nil {
   468  		pos := p.pos
   469  		p.errorExpected(pos, "type")
   470  		p.next() // make progress
   471  		return &ast.BadExpr{pos, p.pos}
   472  	}
   473  
   474  	return typ
   475  }
   476  
   477  // If the result is an identifier, it is not resolved.
   478  func (p *parser) parseTypeName() ast.Expr {
   479  	if p.trace {
   480  		defer un(trace(p, "TypeName"))
   481  	}
   482  
   483  	ident := p.parseIdent()
   484  	// don't resolve ident yet - it may be a parameter or field name
   485  
   486  	if p.tok == token.PERIOD {
   487  		// ident is a package name
   488  		p.next()
   489  		p.resolve(ident)
   490  		sel := p.parseIdent()
   491  		return &ast.SelectorExpr{ident, sel}
   492  	}
   493  
   494  	return ident
   495  }
   496  
   497  func (p *parser) parseArrayType(ellipsisOk bool) ast.Expr {
   498  	if p.trace {
   499  		defer un(trace(p, "ArrayType"))
   500  	}
   501  
   502  	lbrack := p.expect(token.LBRACK)
   503  	var len ast.Expr
   504  	if ellipsisOk && p.tok == token.ELLIPSIS {
   505  		len = &ast.Ellipsis{p.pos, nil}
   506  		p.next()
   507  	} else if p.tok != token.RBRACK {
   508  		len = p.parseRhs()
   509  	}
   510  	p.expect(token.RBRACK)
   511  	elt := p.parseType()
   512  
   513  	return &ast.ArrayType{lbrack, len, elt}
   514  }
   515  
   516  func (p *parser) makeIdentList(list []ast.Expr) []*ast.Ident {
   517  	idents := make([]*ast.Ident, len(list))
   518  	for i, x := range list {
   519  		ident, isIdent := x.(*ast.Ident)
   520  		if !isIdent {
   521  			pos := x.(ast.Expr).Pos()
   522  			p.errorExpected(pos, "identifier")
   523  			ident = &ast.Ident{pos, "_", nil}
   524  		}
   525  		idents[i] = ident
   526  	}
   527  	return idents
   528  }
   529  
   530  func (p *parser) parseFieldDecl(scope *ast.Scope) *ast.Field {
   531  	if p.trace {
   532  		defer un(trace(p, "FieldDecl"))
   533  	}
   534  
   535  	doc := p.leadComment
   536  
   537  	// fields
   538  	list, typ := p.parseVarList(false)
   539  
   540  	// optional tag
   541  	var tag *ast.BasicLit
   542  	if p.tok == token.STRING {
   543  		tag = &ast.BasicLit{p.pos, p.tok, p.lit}
   544  		p.next()
   545  	}
   546  
   547  	// analyze case
   548  	var idents []*ast.Ident
   549  	if typ != nil {
   550  		// IdentifierList Type
   551  		idents = p.makeIdentList(list)
   552  	} else {
   553  		// ["*"] TypeName (AnonymousField)
   554  		typ = list[0] // we always have at least one element
   555  		p.resolve(typ)
   556  		if n := len(list); n > 1 || !isTypeName(deref(typ)) {
   557  			pos := typ.Pos()
   558  			p.errorExpected(pos, "anonymous field")
   559  			typ = &ast.BadExpr{pos, list[n-1].End()}
   560  		}
   561  	}
   562  
   563  	p.expectSemi() // call before accessing p.linecomment
   564  
   565  	field := &ast.Field{doc, idents, typ, tag, p.lineComment}
   566  	p.declare(field, scope, ast.Var, idents...)
   567  
   568  	return field
   569  }
   570  
   571  func (p *parser) parseStructType() *ast.StructType {
   572  	if p.trace {
   573  		defer un(trace(p, "StructType"))
   574  	}
   575  
   576  	pos := p.expect(token.STRUCT)
   577  	lbrace := p.expect(token.LBRACE)
   578  	scope := ast.NewScope(nil) // struct scope
   579  	var list []*ast.Field
   580  	for p.tok == token.IDENT || p.tok == token.MUL || p.tok == token.LPAREN {
   581  		// a field declaration cannot start with a '(' but we accept
   582  		// it here for more robust parsing and better error messages
   583  		// (parseFieldDecl will check and complain if necessary)
   584  		list = append(list, p.parseFieldDecl(scope))
   585  	}
   586  	rbrace := p.expect(token.RBRACE)
   587  
   588  	// TODO(gri): store struct scope in AST
   589  	return &ast.StructType{pos, &ast.FieldList{lbrace, list, rbrace}, false}
   590  }
   591  
   592  func (p *parser) parsePointerType() *ast.StarExpr {
   593  	if p.trace {
   594  		defer un(trace(p, "PointerType"))
   595  	}
   596  
   597  	star := p.expect(token.MUL)
   598  	base := p.parseType()
   599  
   600  	return &ast.StarExpr{star, base}
   601  }
   602  
   603  func (p *parser) tryVarType(isParam bool) ast.Expr {
   604  	if isParam && p.tok == token.ELLIPSIS {
   605  		pos := p.pos
   606  		p.next()
   607  		typ := p.tryIdentOrType(isParam) // don't use parseType so we can provide better error message
   608  		if typ == nil {
   609  			p.error(pos, "'...' parameter is missing type")
   610  			typ = &ast.BadExpr{pos, p.pos}
   611  		}
   612  		if p.tok != token.RPAREN {
   613  			p.error(pos, "can use '...' with last parameter type only")
   614  		}
   615  		return &ast.Ellipsis{pos, typ}
   616  	}
   617  	return p.tryIdentOrType(false)
   618  }
   619  
   620  func (p *parser) parseVarType(isParam bool) ast.Expr {
   621  	typ := p.tryVarType(isParam)
   622  	if typ == nil {
   623  		pos := p.pos
   624  		p.errorExpected(pos, "type")
   625  		p.next() // make progress
   626  		typ = &ast.BadExpr{pos, p.pos}
   627  	}
   628  	return typ
   629  }
   630  
   631  func (p *parser) parseVarList(isParam bool) (list []ast.Expr, typ ast.Expr) {
   632  	if p.trace {
   633  		defer un(trace(p, "VarList"))
   634  	}
   635  
   636  	// a list of identifiers looks like a list of type names
   637  	for {
   638  		// parseVarType accepts any type (including parenthesized ones)
   639  		// even though the syntax does not permit them here: we
   640  		// accept them all for more robust parsing and complain
   641  		// afterwards
   642  		list = append(list, p.parseVarType(isParam))
   643  		if p.tok != token.COMMA {
   644  			break
   645  		}
   646  		p.next()
   647  	}
   648  
   649  	// if we had a list of identifiers, it must be followed by a type
   650  	typ = p.tryVarType(isParam)
   651  	if typ != nil {
   652  		p.resolve(typ)
   653  	}
   654  
   655  	return
   656  }
   657  
   658  func (p *parser) parseParameterList(scope *ast.Scope, ellipsisOk bool) (params []*ast.Field) {
   659  	if p.trace {
   660  		defer un(trace(p, "ParameterList"))
   661  	}
   662  
   663  	list, typ := p.parseVarList(ellipsisOk)
   664  	if typ != nil {
   665  		// IdentifierList Type
   666  		idents := p.makeIdentList(list)
   667  		field := &ast.Field{nil, idents, typ, nil, nil}
   668  		params = append(params, field)
   669  		// Go spec: The scope of an identifier denoting a function
   670  		// parameter or result variable is the function body.
   671  		p.declare(field, scope, ast.Var, idents...)
   672  		if p.tok == token.COMMA {
   673  			p.next()
   674  		}
   675  
   676  		for p.tok != token.RPAREN && p.tok != token.EOF {
   677  			idents := p.parseIdentList()
   678  			typ := p.parseVarType(ellipsisOk)
   679  			field := &ast.Field{nil, idents, typ, nil, nil}
   680  			params = append(params, field)
   681  			// Go spec: The scope of an identifier denoting a function
   682  			// parameter or result variable is the function body.
   683  			p.declare(field, scope, ast.Var, idents...)
   684  			if p.tok != token.COMMA {
   685  				break
   686  			}
   687  			p.next()
   688  		}
   689  
   690  	} else {
   691  		// Type { "," Type } (anonymous parameters)
   692  		params = make([]*ast.Field, len(list))
   693  		for i, x := range list {
   694  			p.resolve(x)
   695  			params[i] = &ast.Field{Type: x}
   696  		}
   697  	}
   698  
   699  	return
   700  }
   701  
   702  func (p *parser) parseParameters(scope *ast.Scope, ellipsisOk bool) *ast.FieldList {
   703  	if p.trace {
   704  		defer un(trace(p, "Parameters"))
   705  	}
   706  
   707  	var params []*ast.Field
   708  	lparen := p.expect(token.LPAREN)
   709  	if p.tok != token.RPAREN {
   710  		params = p.parseParameterList(scope, ellipsisOk)
   711  	}
   712  	rparen := p.expect(token.RPAREN)
   713  
   714  	return &ast.FieldList{lparen, params, rparen}
   715  }
   716  
   717  func (p *parser) parseResult(scope *ast.Scope) *ast.FieldList {
   718  	if p.trace {
   719  		defer un(trace(p, "Result"))
   720  	}
   721  
   722  	if p.tok == token.LPAREN {
   723  		return p.parseParameters(scope, false)
   724  	}
   725  
   726  	typ := p.tryType()
   727  	if typ != nil {
   728  		list := make([]*ast.Field, 1)
   729  		list[0] = &ast.Field{Type: typ}
   730  		return &ast.FieldList{List: list}
   731  	}
   732  
   733  	return nil
   734  }
   735  
   736  func (p *parser) parseSignature(scope *ast.Scope) (params, results *ast.FieldList) {
   737  	if p.trace {
   738  		defer un(trace(p, "Signature"))
   739  	}
   740  
   741  	params = p.parseParameters(scope, true)
   742  	results = p.parseResult(scope)
   743  
   744  	return
   745  }
   746  
   747  func (p *parser) parseFuncType() (*ast.FuncType, *ast.Scope) {
   748  	if p.trace {
   749  		defer un(trace(p, "FuncType"))
   750  	}
   751  
   752  	pos := p.expect(token.FUNC)
   753  	scope := ast.NewScope(p.topScope) // function scope
   754  	params, results := p.parseSignature(scope)
   755  
   756  	return &ast.FuncType{pos, params, results}, scope
   757  }
   758  
   759  func (p *parser) parseMethodSpec(scope *ast.Scope) *ast.Field {
   760  	if p.trace {
   761  		defer un(trace(p, "MethodSpec"))
   762  	}
   763  
   764  	doc := p.leadComment
   765  	var idents []*ast.Ident
   766  	var typ ast.Expr
   767  	x := p.parseTypeName()
   768  	if ident, isIdent := x.(*ast.Ident); isIdent && p.tok == token.LPAREN {
   769  		// method
   770  		idents = []*ast.Ident{ident}
   771  		scope := ast.NewScope(nil) // method scope
   772  		params, results := p.parseSignature(scope)
   773  		typ = &ast.FuncType{token.NoPos, params, results}
   774  	} else {
   775  		// embedded interface
   776  		typ = x
   777  	}
   778  	p.expectSemi() // call before accessing p.linecomment
   779  
   780  	spec := &ast.Field{doc, idents, typ, nil, p.lineComment}
   781  	p.declare(spec, scope, ast.Fun, idents...)
   782  
   783  	return spec
   784  }
   785  
   786  func (p *parser) parseInterfaceType() *ast.InterfaceType {
   787  	if p.trace {
   788  		defer un(trace(p, "InterfaceType"))
   789  	}
   790  
   791  	pos := p.expect(token.INTERFACE)
   792  	lbrace := p.expect(token.LBRACE)
   793  	scope := ast.NewScope(nil) // interface scope
   794  	var list []*ast.Field
   795  	for p.tok == token.IDENT {
   796  		list = append(list, p.parseMethodSpec(scope))
   797  	}
   798  	rbrace := p.expect(token.RBRACE)
   799  
   800  	// TODO(gri): store interface scope in AST
   801  	return &ast.InterfaceType{pos, &ast.FieldList{lbrace, list, rbrace}, false}
   802  }
   803  
   804  func (p *parser) parseMapType() *ast.MapType {
   805  	if p.trace {
   806  		defer un(trace(p, "MapType"))
   807  	}
   808  
   809  	pos := p.expect(token.MAP)
   810  	p.expect(token.LBRACK)
   811  	key := p.parseType()
   812  	p.expect(token.RBRACK)
   813  	value := p.parseType()
   814  
   815  	return &ast.MapType{pos, key, value}
   816  }
   817  
   818  func (p *parser) parseChanType() *ast.ChanType {
   819  	if p.trace {
   820  		defer un(trace(p, "ChanType"))
   821  	}
   822  
   823  	pos := p.pos
   824  	dir := ast.SEND | ast.RECV
   825  	if p.tok == token.CHAN {
   826  		p.next()
   827  		if p.tok == token.ARROW {
   828  			p.next()
   829  			dir = ast.SEND
   830  		}
   831  	} else {
   832  		p.expect(token.ARROW)
   833  		p.expect(token.CHAN)
   834  		dir = ast.RECV
   835  	}
   836  	value := p.parseType()
   837  
   838  	return &ast.ChanType{pos, dir, value}
   839  }
   840  
   841  // If the result is an identifier, it is not resolved.
   842  func (p *parser) tryIdentOrType(ellipsisOk bool) ast.Expr {
   843  	switch p.tok {
   844  	case token.IDENT:
   845  		return p.parseTypeName()
   846  	case token.LBRACK:
   847  		return p.parseArrayType(ellipsisOk)
   848  	case token.STRUCT:
   849  		return p.parseStructType()
   850  	case token.MUL:
   851  		return p.parsePointerType()
   852  	case token.FUNC:
   853  		typ, _ := p.parseFuncType()
   854  		return typ
   855  	case token.INTERFACE:
   856  		return p.parseInterfaceType()
   857  	case token.MAP:
   858  		return p.parseMapType()
   859  	case token.CHAN, token.ARROW:
   860  		return p.parseChanType()
   861  	case token.LPAREN:
   862  		lparen := p.pos
   863  		p.next()
   864  		typ := p.parseType()
   865  		rparen := p.expect(token.RPAREN)
   866  		return &ast.ParenExpr{lparen, typ, rparen}
   867  	}
   868  
   869  	// no type found
   870  	return nil
   871  }
   872  
   873  func (p *parser) tryType() ast.Expr {
   874  	typ := p.tryIdentOrType(false)
   875  	if typ != nil {
   876  		p.resolve(typ)
   877  	}
   878  	return typ
   879  }
   880  
   881  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   882  // Blocks
   883  
   884  func (p *parser) parseStmtList() (list []ast.Stmt) {
   885  	if p.trace {
   886  		defer un(trace(p, "StatementList"))
   887  	}
   888  
   889  	for p.tok != token.CASE && p.tok != token.DEFAULT && p.tok != token.RBRACE && p.tok != token.EOF {
   890  		list = append(list, p.parseStmt())
   891  	}
   892  
   893  	return
   894  }
   895  
   896  func (p *parser) parseBody(scope *ast.Scope) *ast.BlockStmt {
   897  	if p.trace {
   898  		defer un(trace(p, "Body"))
   899  	}
   900  
   901  	lbrace := p.expect(token.LBRACE)
   902  	p.topScope = scope // open function scope
   903  	p.openLabelScope()
   904  	list := p.parseStmtList()
   905  	p.closeLabelScope()
   906  	p.closeScope()
   907  	rbrace := p.expect(token.RBRACE)
   908  
   909  	return &ast.BlockStmt{lbrace, list, rbrace}
   910  }
   911  
   912  func (p *parser) parseBlockStmt() *ast.BlockStmt {
   913  	if p.trace {
   914  		defer un(trace(p, "BlockStmt"))
   915  	}
   916  
   917  	lbrace := p.expect(token.LBRACE)
   918  	p.openScope()
   919  	list := p.parseStmtList()
   920  	p.closeScope()
   921  	rbrace := p.expect(token.RBRACE)
   922  
   923  	return &ast.BlockStmt{lbrace, list, rbrace}
   924  }
   925  
   926  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
   927  // Expressions
   928  
   929  func (p *parser) parseFuncTypeOrLit() ast.Expr {
   930  	if p.trace {
   931  		defer un(trace(p, "FuncTypeOrLit"))
   932  	}
   933  
   934  	typ, scope := p.parseFuncType()
   935  	if p.tok != token.LBRACE {
   936  		// function type only
   937  		return typ
   938  	}
   939  
   940  	p.exprLev++
   941  	body := p.parseBody(scope)
   942  	p.exprLev--
   943  
   944  	return &ast.FuncLit{typ, body}
   945  }
   946  
   947  // parseOperand may return an expression or a raw type (incl. array
   948  // types of the form [...]T. Callers must verify the result.
   949  // If lhs is set and the result is an identifier, it is not resolved.
   950  //
   951  func (p *parser) parseOperand(lhs bool) ast.Expr {
   952  	if p.trace {
   953  		defer un(trace(p, "Operand"))
   954  	}
   955  
   956  	switch p.tok {
   957  	case token.IDENT:
   958  		x := p.parseIdent()
   959  		if !lhs {
   960  			p.resolve(x)
   961  		}
   962  		return x
   963  
   964  	case token.INT, token.FLOAT, token.IMAG, token.CHAR, token.STRING:
   965  		x := &ast.BasicLit{p.pos, p.tok, p.lit}
   966  		p.next()
   967  		return x
   968  
   969  	case token.LPAREN:
   970  		lparen := p.pos
   971  		p.next()
   972  		p.exprLev++
   973  		x := p.parseRhs()
   974  		p.exprLev--
   975  		rparen := p.expect(token.RPAREN)
   976  		return &ast.ParenExpr{lparen, x, rparen}
   977  
   978  	case token.FUNC:
   979  		return p.parseFuncTypeOrLit()
   980  
   981  	default:
   982  		if typ := p.tryIdentOrType(true); typ != nil {
   983  			// could be type for composite literal or conversion
   984  			_, isIdent := typ.(*ast.Ident)
   985  			assert(!isIdent, "type cannot be identifier")
   986  			return typ
   987  		}
   988  	}
   989  
   990  	pos := p.pos
   991  	p.errorExpected(pos, "operand")
   992  	p.next() // make progress
   993  	return &ast.BadExpr{pos, p.pos}
   994  }
   995  
   996  func (p *parser) parseSelector(x ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
   997  	if p.trace {
   998  		defer un(trace(p, "Selector"))
   999  	}
  1000  
  1001  	sel := p.parseIdent()
  1002  
  1003  	return &ast.SelectorExpr{x, sel}
  1004  }
  1005  
  1006  func (p *parser) parseTypeAssertion(x ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
  1007  	if p.trace {
  1008  		defer un(trace(p, "TypeAssertion"))
  1009  	}
  1010  
  1011  	p.expect(token.LPAREN)
  1012  	var typ ast.Expr
  1013  	if p.tok == token.TYPE {
  1014  		// type switch: typ == nil
  1015  		p.next()
  1016  	} else {
  1017  		typ = p.parseType()
  1018  	}
  1019  	p.expect(token.RPAREN)
  1020  
  1021  	return &ast.TypeAssertExpr{x, typ}
  1022  }
  1023  
  1024  func (p *parser) parseIndexOrSlice(x ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
  1025  	if p.trace {
  1026  		defer un(trace(p, "IndexOrSlice"))
  1027  	}
  1028  
  1029  	lbrack := p.expect(token.LBRACK)
  1030  	p.exprLev++
  1031  	var low, high ast.Expr
  1032  	isSlice := false
  1033  	if p.tok != token.COLON {
  1034  		low = p.parseRhs()
  1035  	}
  1036  	if p.tok == token.COLON {
  1037  		isSlice = true
  1038  		p.next()
  1039  		if p.tok != token.RBRACK {
  1040  			high = p.parseRhs()
  1041  		}
  1042  	}
  1043  	p.exprLev--
  1044  	rbrack := p.expect(token.RBRACK)
  1045  
  1046  	if isSlice {
  1047  		return &ast.SliceExpr{x, lbrack, low, high, rbrack}
  1048  	}
  1049  	return &ast.IndexExpr{x, lbrack, low, rbrack}
  1050  }
  1051  
  1052  func (p *parser) parseCallOrConversion(fun ast.Expr) *ast.CallExpr {
  1053  	if p.trace {
  1054  		defer un(trace(p, "CallOrConversion"))
  1055  	}
  1056  
  1057  	lparen := p.expect(token.LPAREN)
  1058  	p.exprLev++
  1059  	var list []ast.Expr
  1060  	var ellipsis token.Pos
  1061  	for p.tok != token.RPAREN && p.tok != token.EOF && !ellipsis.IsValid() {
  1062  		list = append(list, p.parseRhs())
  1063  		if p.tok == token.ELLIPSIS {
  1064  			ellipsis = p.pos
  1065  			p.next()
  1066  		}
  1067  		if p.tok != token.COMMA {
  1068  			break
  1069  		}
  1070  		p.next()
  1071  	}
  1072  	p.exprLev--
  1073  	rparen := p.expect(token.RPAREN)
  1074  
  1075  	return &ast.CallExpr{fun, lparen, list, ellipsis, rparen}
  1076  }
  1077  
  1078  func (p *parser) parseElement(keyOk bool) ast.Expr {
  1079  	if p.trace {
  1080  		defer un(trace(p, "Element"))
  1081  	}
  1082  
  1083  	if p.tok == token.LBRACE {
  1084  		return p.parseLiteralValue(nil)
  1085  	}
  1086  
  1087  	x := p.parseExpr(keyOk) // don't resolve if map key
  1088  	if keyOk {
  1089  		if p.tok == token.COLON {
  1090  			colon := p.pos
  1091  			p.next()
  1092  			return &ast.KeyValueExpr{x, colon, p.parseElement(false)}
  1093  		}
  1094  		p.resolve(x) // not a map key
  1095  	}
  1096  
  1097  	return x
  1098  }
  1099  
  1100  func (p *parser) parseElementList() (list []ast.Expr) {
  1101  	if p.trace {
  1102  		defer un(trace(p, "ElementList"))
  1103  	}
  1104  
  1105  	for p.tok != token.RBRACE && p.tok != token.EOF {
  1106  		list = append(list, p.parseElement(true))
  1107  		if p.tok != token.COMMA {
  1108  			break
  1109  		}
  1110  		p.next()
  1111  	}
  1112  
  1113  	return
  1114  }
  1115  
  1116  func (p *parser) parseLiteralValue(typ ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
  1117  	if p.trace {
  1118  		defer un(trace(p, "LiteralValue"))
  1119  	}
  1120  
  1121  	lbrace := p.expect(token.LBRACE)
  1122  	var elts []ast.Expr
  1123  	p.exprLev++
  1124  	if p.tok != token.RBRACE {
  1125  		elts = p.parseElementList()
  1126  	}
  1127  	p.exprLev--
  1128  	rbrace := p.expect(token.RBRACE)
  1129  	return &ast.CompositeLit{typ, lbrace, elts, rbrace}
  1130  }
  1131  
  1132  // checkExpr checks that x is an expression (and not a type).
  1133  func (p *parser) checkExpr(x ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
  1134  	switch t := unparen(x).(type) {
  1135  	case *ast.BadExpr:
  1136  	case *ast.Ident:
  1137  	case *ast.BasicLit:
  1138  	case *ast.FuncLit:
  1139  	case *ast.CompositeLit:
  1140  	case *ast.ParenExpr:
  1141  		panic("unreachable")
  1142  	case *ast.SelectorExpr:
  1143  	case *ast.IndexExpr:
  1144  	case *ast.SliceExpr:
  1145  	case *ast.TypeAssertExpr:
  1146  		if t.Type == nil {
  1147  			// the form X.(type) is only allowed in type switch expressions
  1148  			p.errorExpected(x.Pos(), "expression")
  1149  			x = &ast.BadExpr{x.Pos(), x.End()}
  1150  		}
  1151  	case *ast.CallExpr:
  1152  	case *ast.StarExpr:
  1153  	case *ast.UnaryExpr:
  1154  		if t.Op == token.RANGE {
  1155  			// the range operator is only allowed at the top of a for statement
  1156  			p.errorExpected(x.Pos(), "expression")
  1157  			x = &ast.BadExpr{x.Pos(), x.End()}
  1158  		}
  1159  	case *ast.BinaryExpr:
  1160  	default:
  1161  		// all other nodes are not proper expressions
  1162  		p.errorExpected(x.Pos(), "expression")
  1163  		x = &ast.BadExpr{x.Pos(), x.End()}
  1164  	}
  1165  	return x
  1166  }
  1167  
  1168  // isTypeName reports whether x is a (qualified) TypeName.
  1169  func isTypeName(x ast.Expr) bool {
  1170  	switch t := x.(type) {
  1171  	case *ast.BadExpr:
  1172  	case *ast.Ident:
  1173  	case *ast.SelectorExpr:
  1174  		_, isIdent := t.X.(*ast.Ident)
  1175  		return isIdent
  1176  	default:
  1177  		return false // all other nodes are not type names
  1178  	}
  1179  	return true
  1180  }
  1181  
  1182  // isLiteralType reports whether x is a legal composite literal type.
  1183  func isLiteralType(x ast.Expr) bool {
  1184  	switch t := x.(type) {
  1185  	case *ast.BadExpr:
  1186  	case *ast.Ident:
  1187  	case *ast.SelectorExpr:
  1188  		_, isIdent := t.X.(*ast.Ident)
  1189  		return isIdent
  1190  	case *ast.ArrayType:
  1191  	case *ast.StructType:
  1192  	case *ast.MapType:
  1193  	default:
  1194  		return false // all other nodes are not legal composite literal types
  1195  	}
  1196  	return true
  1197  }
  1198  
  1199  // If x is of the form *T, deref returns T, otherwise it returns x.
  1200  func deref(x ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
  1201  	if p, isPtr := x.(*ast.StarExpr); isPtr {
  1202  		x = p.X
  1203  	}
  1204  	return x
  1205  }
  1206  
  1207  // If x is of the form (T), unparen returns unparen(T), otherwise it returns x.
  1208  func unparen(x ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
  1209  	if p, isParen := x.(*ast.ParenExpr); isParen {
  1210  		x = unparen(p.X)
  1211  	}
  1212  	return x
  1213  }
  1214  
  1215  // checkExprOrType checks that x is an expression or a type
  1216  // (and not a raw type such as [...]T).
  1217  //
  1218  func (p *parser) checkExprOrType(x ast.Expr) ast.Expr {
  1219  	switch t := unparen(x).(type) {
  1220  	case *ast.ParenExpr:
  1221  		panic("unreachable")
  1222  	case *ast.UnaryExpr:
  1223  		if t.Op == token.RANGE {
  1224  			// the range operator is only allowed at the top of a for statement
  1225  			p.errorExpected(x.Pos(), "expression")
  1226  			x = &ast.BadExpr{x.Pos(), x.End()}
  1227  		}
  1228  	case *ast.ArrayType:
  1229  		if len, isEllipsis := t.Len.(*ast.Ellipsis); isEllipsis {
  1230  			p.error(len.Pos(), "expected array length, found '...'")
  1231  			x = &ast.BadExpr{x.Pos(), x.End()}
  1232  		}
  1233  	}
  1234  
  1235  	// all other nodes are expressions or types
  1236  	return x
  1237  }
  1238  
  1239  // If lhs is set and the result is an identifier, it is not resolved.
  1240  func (p *parser) parsePrimaryExpr(lhs bool) ast.Expr {
  1241  	if p.trace {
  1242  		defer un(trace(p, "PrimaryExpr"))
  1243  	}
  1244  
  1245  	x := p.parseOperand(lhs)
  1246  L:
  1247  	for {
  1248  		switch p.tok {
  1249  		case token.PERIOD:
  1250  			p.next()
  1251  			if lhs {
  1252  				p.resolve(x)
  1253  			}
  1254  			switch p.tok {
  1255  			case token.IDENT:
  1256  				x = p.parseSelector(p.checkExpr(x))
  1257  			case token.LPAREN:
  1258  				x = p.parseTypeAssertion(p.checkExpr(x))
  1259  			default:
  1260  				pos := p.pos
  1261  				p.next() // make progress
  1262  				p.errorExpected(pos, "selector or type assertion")
  1263  				x = &ast.BadExpr{pos, p.pos}
  1264  			}
  1265  		case token.LBRACK:
  1266  			if lhs {
  1267  				p.resolve(x)
  1268  			}
  1269  			x = p.parseIndexOrSlice(p.checkExpr(x))
  1270  		case token.LPAREN:
  1271  			if lhs {
  1272  				p.resolve(x)
  1273  			}
  1274  			x = p.parseCallOrConversion(p.checkExprOrType(x))
  1275  		case token.LBRACE:
  1276  			if isLiteralType(x) && (p.exprLev >= 0 || !isTypeName(x)) {
  1277  				if lhs {
  1278  					p.resolve(x)
  1279  				}
  1280  				x = p.parseLiteralValue(x)
  1281  			} else {
  1282  				break L
  1283  			}
  1284  		default:
  1285  			break L
  1286  		}
  1287  		lhs = false // no need to try to resolve again
  1288  	}
  1289  
  1290  	return x
  1291  }
  1292  
  1293  // If lhs is set and the result is an identifier, it is not resolved.
  1294  func (p *parser) parseUnaryExpr(lhs bool) ast.Expr {
  1295  	if p.trace {
  1296  		defer un(trace(p, "UnaryExpr"))
  1297  	}
  1298  
  1299  	switch p.tok {
  1300  	case token.ADD, token.SUB, token.NOT, token.XOR, token.AND, token.RANGE:
  1301  		pos, op := p.pos, p.tok
  1302  		p.next()
  1303  		x := p.parseUnaryExpr(false)
  1304  		return &ast.UnaryExpr{pos, op, p.checkExpr(x)}
  1305  
  1306  	case token.ARROW:
  1307  		// channel type or receive expression
  1308  		pos := p.pos
  1309  		p.next()
  1310  		if p.tok == token.CHAN {
  1311  			p.next()
  1312  			value := p.parseType()
  1313  			return &ast.ChanType{pos, ast.RECV, value}
  1314  		}
  1315  
  1316  		x := p.parseUnaryExpr(false)
  1317  		return &ast.UnaryExpr{pos, token.ARROW, p.checkExpr(x)}
  1318  
  1319  	case token.MUL:
  1320  		// pointer type or unary "*" expression
  1321  		pos := p.pos
  1322  		p.next()
  1323  		x := p.parseUnaryExpr(false)
  1324  		return &ast.StarExpr{pos, p.checkExprOrType(x)}
  1325  	}
  1326  
  1327  	return p.parsePrimaryExpr(lhs)
  1328  }
  1329  
  1330  // If lhs is set and the result is an identifier, it is not resolved.
  1331  func (p *parser) parseBinaryExpr(lhs bool, prec1 int) ast.Expr {
  1332  	if p.trace {
  1333  		defer un(trace(p, "BinaryExpr"))
  1334  	}
  1335  
  1336  	x := p.parseUnaryExpr(lhs)
  1337  	for prec := p.tok.Precedence(); prec >= prec1; prec-- {
  1338  		for p.tok.Precedence() == prec {
  1339  			pos, op := p.pos, p.tok
  1340  			p.next()
  1341  			if lhs {
  1342  				p.resolve(x)
  1343  				lhs = false
  1344  			}
  1345  			y := p.parseBinaryExpr(false, prec+1)
  1346  			x = &ast.BinaryExpr{p.checkExpr(x), pos, op, p.checkExpr(y)}
  1347  		}
  1348  	}
  1349  
  1350  	return x
  1351  }
  1352  
  1353  // If lhs is set and the result is an identifier, it is not resolved.
  1354  // TODO(gri): parseExpr may return a type or even a raw type ([..]int) -
  1355  //            should reject when a type/raw type is obviously not allowed
  1356  func (p *parser) parseExpr(lhs bool) ast.Expr {
  1357  	if p.trace {
  1358  		defer un(trace(p, "Expression"))
  1359  	}
  1360  
  1361  	return p.parseBinaryExpr(lhs, token.LowestPrec+1)
  1362  }
  1363  
  1364  func (p *parser) parseRhs() ast.Expr {
  1365  	return p.parseExpr(false)
  1366  }
  1367  
  1368  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1369  // Statements
  1370  
  1371  func (p *parser) parseSimpleStmt(labelOk bool) ast.Stmt {
  1372  	if p.trace {
  1373  		defer un(trace(p, "SimpleStmt"))
  1374  	}
  1375  
  1376  	x := p.parseLhsList()
  1377  
  1378  	switch p.tok {
  1379  	case
  1380  		token.DEFINE, token.ASSIGN, token.ADD_ASSIGN,
  1381  		token.SUB_ASSIGN, token.MUL_ASSIGN, token.QUO_ASSIGN,
  1382  		token.REM_ASSIGN, token.AND_ASSIGN, token.OR_ASSIGN,
  1383  		token.XOR_ASSIGN, token.SHL_ASSIGN, token.SHR_ASSIGN, token.AND_NOT_ASSIGN:
  1384  		// assignment statement
  1385  		pos, tok := p.pos, p.tok
  1386  		p.next()
  1387  		y := p.parseRhsList()
  1388  		return &ast.AssignStmt{x, pos, tok, y}
  1389  	}
  1390  
  1391  	if len(x) > 1 {
  1392  		p.errorExpected(x[0].Pos(), "1 expression")
  1393  		// continue with first expression
  1394  	}
  1395  
  1396  	switch p.tok {
  1397  	case token.COLON:
  1398  		// labeled statement
  1399  		colon := p.pos
  1400  		p.next()
  1401  		if label, isIdent := x[0].(*ast.Ident); labelOk && isIdent {
  1402  			// Go spec: The scope of a label is the body of the function
  1403  			// in which it is declared and excludes the body of any nested
  1404  			// function.
  1405  			stmt := &ast.LabeledStmt{label, colon, p.parseStmt()}
  1406  			p.declare(stmt, p.labelScope, ast.Lbl, label)
  1407  			return stmt
  1408  		}
  1409  		p.error(x[0].Pos(), "illegal label declaration")
  1410  		return &ast.BadStmt{x[0].Pos(), colon + 1}
  1411  
  1412  	case token.ARROW:
  1413  		// send statement
  1414  		arrow := p.pos
  1415  		p.next() // consume "<-"
  1416  		y := p.parseRhs()
  1417  		return &ast.SendStmt{x[0], arrow, y}
  1418  
  1419  	case token.INC, token.DEC:
  1420  		// increment or decrement
  1421  		s := &ast.IncDecStmt{x[0], p.pos, p.tok}
  1422  		p.next() // consume "++" or "--"
  1423  		return s
  1424  	}
  1425  
  1426  	// expression
  1427  	return &ast.ExprStmt{x[0]}
  1428  }
  1429  
  1430  func (p *parser) parseCallExpr() *ast.CallExpr {
  1431  	x := p.parseRhs()
  1432  	if call, isCall := x.(*ast.CallExpr); isCall {
  1433  		return call
  1434  	}
  1435  	p.errorExpected(x.Pos(), "function/method call")
  1436  	return nil
  1437  }
  1438  
  1439  func (p *parser) parseGoStmt() ast.Stmt {
  1440  	if p.trace {
  1441  		defer un(trace(p, "GoStmt"))
  1442  	}
  1443  
  1444  	pos := p.expect(token.GO)
  1445  	call := p.parseCallExpr()
  1446  	p.expectSemi()
  1447  	if call == nil {
  1448  		return &ast.BadStmt{pos, pos + 2} // len("go")
  1449  	}
  1450  
  1451  	return &ast.GoStmt{pos, call}
  1452  }
  1453  
  1454  func (p *parser) parseDeferStmt() ast.Stmt {
  1455  	if p.trace {
  1456  		defer un(trace(p, "DeferStmt"))
  1457  	}
  1458  
  1459  	pos := p.expect(token.DEFER)
  1460  	call := p.parseCallExpr()
  1461  	p.expectSemi()
  1462  	if call == nil {
  1463  		return &ast.BadStmt{pos, pos + 5} // len("defer")
  1464  	}
  1465  
  1466  	return &ast.DeferStmt{pos, call}
  1467  }
  1468  
  1469  func (p *parser) parseReturnStmt() *ast.ReturnStmt {
  1470  	if p.trace {
  1471  		defer un(trace(p, "ReturnStmt"))
  1472  	}
  1473  
  1474  	pos := p.pos
  1475  	p.expect(token.RETURN)
  1476  	var x []ast.Expr
  1477  	if p.tok != token.SEMICOLON && p.tok != token.RBRACE {
  1478  		x = p.parseRhsList()
  1479  	}
  1480  	p.expectSemi()
  1481  
  1482  	return &ast.ReturnStmt{pos, x}
  1483  }
  1484  
  1485  func (p *parser) parseBranchStmt(tok token.Token) *ast.BranchStmt {
  1486  	if p.trace {
  1487  		defer un(trace(p, "BranchStmt"))
  1488  	}
  1489  
  1490  	pos := p.expect(tok)
  1491  	var label *ast.Ident
  1492  	if tok != token.FALLTHROUGH && p.tok == token.IDENT {
  1493  		label = p.parseIdent()
  1494  		// add to list of unresolved targets
  1495  		n := len(p.targetStack) - 1
  1496  		p.targetStack[n] = append(p.targetStack[n], label)
  1497  	}
  1498  	p.expectSemi()
  1499  
  1500  	return &ast.BranchStmt{pos, tok, label}
  1501  }
  1502  
  1503  func (p *parser) makeExpr(s ast.Stmt) ast.Expr {
  1504  	if s == nil {
  1505  		return nil
  1506  	}
  1507  	if es, isExpr := s.(*ast.ExprStmt); isExpr {
  1508  		return p.checkExpr(es.X)
  1509  	}
  1510  	p.error(s.Pos(), "expected condition, found simple statement")
  1511  	return &ast.BadExpr{s.Pos(), s.End()}
  1512  }
  1513  
  1514  func (p *parser) parseIfStmt() *ast.IfStmt {
  1515  	if p.trace {
  1516  		defer un(trace(p, "IfStmt"))
  1517  	}
  1518  
  1519  	pos := p.expect(token.IF)
  1520  	p.openScope()
  1521  	defer p.closeScope()
  1522  
  1523  	var s ast.Stmt
  1524  	var x ast.Expr
  1525  	{
  1526  		prevLev := p.exprLev
  1527  		p.exprLev = -1
  1528  		if p.tok == token.SEMICOLON {
  1529  			p.next()
  1530  			x = p.parseRhs()
  1531  		} else {
  1532  			s = p.parseSimpleStmt(false)
  1533  			if p.tok == token.SEMICOLON {
  1534  				p.next()
  1535  				x = p.parseRhs()
  1536  			} else {
  1537  				x = p.makeExpr(s)
  1538  				s = nil
  1539  			}
  1540  		}
  1541  		p.exprLev = prevLev
  1542  	}
  1543  
  1544  	body := p.parseBlockStmt()
  1545  	var else_ ast.Stmt
  1546  	if p.tok == token.ELSE {
  1547  		p.next()
  1548  		else_ = p.parseStmt()
  1549  	} else {
  1550  		p.expectSemi()
  1551  	}
  1552  
  1553  	return &ast.IfStmt{pos, s, x, body, else_}
  1554  }
  1555  
  1556  func (p *parser) parseTypeList() (list []ast.Expr) {
  1557  	if p.trace {
  1558  		defer un(trace(p, "TypeList"))
  1559  	}
  1560  
  1561  	list = append(list, p.parseType())
  1562  	for p.tok == token.COMMA {
  1563  		p.next()
  1564  		list = append(list, p.parseType())
  1565  	}
  1566  
  1567  	return
  1568  }
  1569  
  1570  func (p *parser) parseCaseClause(exprSwitch bool) *ast.CaseClause {
  1571  	if p.trace {
  1572  		defer un(trace(p, "CaseClause"))
  1573  	}
  1574  
  1575  	pos := p.pos
  1576  	var list []ast.Expr
  1577  	if p.tok == token.CASE {
  1578  		p.next()
  1579  		if exprSwitch {
  1580  			list = p.parseRhsList()
  1581  		} else {
  1582  			list = p.parseTypeList()
  1583  		}
  1584  	} else {
  1585  		p.expect(token.DEFAULT)
  1586  	}
  1587  
  1588  	colon := p.expect(token.COLON)
  1589  	p.openScope()
  1590  	body := p.parseStmtList()
  1591  	p.closeScope()
  1592  
  1593  	return &ast.CaseClause{pos, list, colon, body}
  1594  }
  1595  
  1596  func isExprSwitch(s ast.Stmt) bool {
  1597  	if s == nil {
  1598  		return true
  1599  	}
  1600  	if e, ok := s.(*ast.ExprStmt); ok {
  1601  		if a, ok := e.X.(*ast.TypeAssertExpr); ok {
  1602  			return a.Type != nil // regular type assertion
  1603  		}
  1604  		return true
  1605  	}
  1606  	return false
  1607  }
  1608  
  1609  func (p *parser) parseSwitchStmt() ast.Stmt {
  1610  	if p.trace {
  1611  		defer un(trace(p, "SwitchStmt"))
  1612  	}
  1613  
  1614  	pos := p.expect(token.SWITCH)
  1615  	p.openScope()
  1616  	defer p.closeScope()
  1617  
  1618  	var s1, s2 ast.Stmt
  1619  	if p.tok != token.LBRACE {
  1620  		prevLev := p.exprLev
  1621  		p.exprLev = -1
  1622  		if p.tok != token.SEMICOLON {
  1623  			s2 = p.parseSimpleStmt(false)
  1624  		}
  1625  		if p.tok == token.SEMICOLON {
  1626  			p.next()
  1627  			s1 = s2
  1628  			s2 = nil
  1629  			if p.tok != token.LBRACE {
  1630  				s2 = p.parseSimpleStmt(false)
  1631  			}
  1632  		}
  1633  		p.exprLev = prevLev
  1634  	}
  1635  
  1636  	exprSwitch := isExprSwitch(s2)
  1637  	lbrace := p.expect(token.LBRACE)
  1638  	var list []ast.Stmt
  1639  	for p.tok == token.CASE || p.tok == token.DEFAULT {
  1640  		list = append(list, p.parseCaseClause(exprSwitch))
  1641  	}
  1642  	rbrace := p.expect(token.RBRACE)
  1643  	p.expectSemi()
  1644  	body := &ast.BlockStmt{lbrace, list, rbrace}
  1645  
  1646  	if exprSwitch {
  1647  		return &ast.SwitchStmt{pos, s1, p.makeExpr(s2), body}
  1648  	}
  1649  	// type switch
  1650  	// TODO(gri): do all the checks!
  1651  	return &ast.TypeSwitchStmt{pos, s1, s2, body}
  1652  }
  1653  
  1654  func (p *parser) parseCommClause() *ast.CommClause {
  1655  	if p.trace {
  1656  		defer un(trace(p, "CommClause"))
  1657  	}
  1658  
  1659  	p.openScope()
  1660  	pos := p.pos
  1661  	var comm ast.Stmt
  1662  	if p.tok == token.CASE {
  1663  		p.next()
  1664  		lhs := p.parseLhsList()
  1665  		if p.tok == token.ARROW {
  1666  			// SendStmt
  1667  			if len(lhs) > 1 {
  1668  				p.errorExpected(lhs[0].Pos(), "1 expression")
  1669  				// continue with first expression
  1670  			}
  1671  			arrow := p.pos
  1672  			p.next()
  1673  			rhs := p.parseRhs()
  1674  			comm = &ast.SendStmt{lhs[0], arrow, rhs}
  1675  		} else {
  1676  			// RecvStmt
  1677  			pos := p.pos
  1678  			tok := p.tok
  1679  			var rhs ast.Expr
  1680  			if tok == token.ASSIGN || tok == token.DEFINE {
  1681  				// RecvStmt with assignment
  1682  				if len(lhs) > 2 {
  1683  					p.errorExpected(lhs[0].Pos(), "1 or 2 expressions")
  1684  					// continue with first two expressions
  1685  					lhs = lhs[0:2]
  1686  				}
  1687  				p.next()
  1688  				rhs = p.parseRhs()
  1689  			} else {
  1690  				// rhs must be single receive operation
  1691  				if len(lhs) > 1 {
  1692  					p.errorExpected(lhs[0].Pos(), "1 expression")
  1693  					// continue with first expression
  1694  				}
  1695  				rhs = lhs[0]
  1696  				lhs = nil // there is no lhs
  1697  			}
  1698  			if x, isUnary := rhs.(*ast.UnaryExpr); !isUnary || x.Op != token.ARROW {
  1699  				p.errorExpected(rhs.Pos(), "send or receive operation")
  1700  				rhs = &ast.BadExpr{rhs.Pos(), rhs.End()}
  1701  			}
  1702  			if lhs != nil {
  1703  				comm = &ast.AssignStmt{lhs, pos, tok, []ast.Expr{rhs}}
  1704  			} else {
  1705  				comm = &ast.ExprStmt{rhs}
  1706  			}
  1707  		}
  1708  	} else {
  1709  		p.expect(token.DEFAULT)
  1710  	}
  1711  
  1712  	colon := p.expect(token.COLON)
  1713  	body := p.parseStmtList()
  1714  	p.closeScope()
  1715  
  1716  	return &ast.CommClause{pos, comm, colon, body}
  1717  }
  1718  
  1719  func (p *parser) parseSelectStmt() *ast.SelectStmt {
  1720  	if p.trace {
  1721  		defer un(trace(p, "SelectStmt"))
  1722  	}
  1723  
  1724  	pos := p.expect(token.SELECT)
  1725  	lbrace := p.expect(token.LBRACE)
  1726  	var list []ast.Stmt
  1727  	for p.tok == token.CASE || p.tok == token.DEFAULT {
  1728  		list = append(list, p.parseCommClause())
  1729  	}
  1730  	rbrace := p.expect(token.RBRACE)
  1731  	p.expectSemi()
  1732  	body := &ast.BlockStmt{lbrace, list, rbrace}
  1733  
  1734  	return &ast.SelectStmt{pos, body}
  1735  }
  1736  
  1737  func (p *parser) parseForStmt() ast.Stmt {
  1738  	if p.trace {
  1739  		defer un(trace(p, "ForStmt"))
  1740  	}
  1741  
  1742  	pos := p.expect(token.FOR)
  1743  	p.openScope()
  1744  	defer p.closeScope()
  1745  
  1746  	var s1, s2, s3 ast.Stmt
  1747  	if p.tok != token.LBRACE {
  1748  		prevLev := p.exprLev
  1749  		p.exprLev = -1
  1750  		if p.tok != token.SEMICOLON {
  1751  			s2 = p.parseSimpleStmt(false)
  1752  		}
  1753  		if p.tok == token.SEMICOLON {
  1754  			p.next()
  1755  			s1 = s2
  1756  			s2 = nil
  1757  			if p.tok != token.SEMICOLON {
  1758  				s2 = p.parseSimpleStmt(false)
  1759  			}
  1760  			p.expectSemi()
  1761  			if p.tok != token.LBRACE {
  1762  				s3 = p.parseSimpleStmt(false)
  1763  			}
  1764  		}
  1765  		p.exprLev = prevLev
  1766  	}
  1767  
  1768  	body := p.parseBlockStmt()
  1769  	p.expectSemi()
  1770  
  1771  	if as, isAssign := s2.(*ast.AssignStmt); isAssign {
  1772  		// possibly a for statement with a range clause; check assignment operator
  1773  		if as.Tok != token.ASSIGN && as.Tok != token.DEFINE {
  1774  			p.errorExpected(as.TokPos, "'=' or ':='")
  1775  			return &ast.BadStmt{pos, body.End()}
  1776  		}
  1777  		// check lhs
  1778  		var key, value ast.Expr
  1779  		switch len(as.Lhs) {
  1780  		case 2:
  1781  			key, value = as.Lhs[0], as.Lhs[1]
  1782  		case 1:
  1783  			key = as.Lhs[0]
  1784  		default:
  1785  			p.errorExpected(as.Lhs[0].Pos(), "1 or 2 expressions")
  1786  			return &ast.BadStmt{pos, body.End()}
  1787  		}
  1788  		// check rhs
  1789  		if len(as.Rhs) != 1 {
  1790  			p.errorExpected(as.Rhs[0].Pos(), "1 expression")
  1791  			return &ast.BadStmt{pos, body.End()}
  1792  		}
  1793  		if rhs, isUnary := as.Rhs[0].(*ast.UnaryExpr); isUnary && rhs.Op == token.RANGE {
  1794  			// rhs is range expression
  1795  			// (any short variable declaration was handled by parseSimpleStat above)
  1796  			return &ast.RangeStmt{pos, key, value, as.TokPos, as.Tok, rhs.X, body}
  1797  		}
  1798  		p.errorExpected(s2.Pos(), "range clause")
  1799  		return &ast.BadStmt{pos, body.End()}
  1800  	}
  1801  
  1802  	// regular for statement
  1803  	return &ast.ForStmt{pos, s1, p.makeExpr(s2), s3, body}
  1804  }
  1805  
  1806  func (p *parser) parseStmt() (s ast.Stmt) {
  1807  	if p.trace {
  1808  		defer un(trace(p, "Statement"))
  1809  	}
  1810  
  1811  	switch p.tok {
  1812  	case token.CONST, token.TYPE, token.VAR:
  1813  		s = &ast.DeclStmt{p.parseDecl()}
  1814  	case
  1815  		// tokens that may start a top-level expression
  1816  		token.IDENT, token.INT, token.FLOAT, token.CHAR, token.STRING, token.FUNC, token.LPAREN, // operand
  1817  		token.LBRACK, token.STRUCT, // composite type
  1818  		token.MUL, token.AND, token.ARROW, token.ADD, token.SUB, token.XOR: // unary operators
  1819  		s = p.parseSimpleStmt(true)
  1820  		// because of the required look-ahead, labeled statements are
  1821  		// parsed by parseSimpleStmt - don't expect a semicolon after
  1822  		// them
  1823  		if _, isLabeledStmt := s.(*ast.LabeledStmt); !isLabeledStmt {
  1824  			p.expectSemi()
  1825  		}
  1826  	case token.GO:
  1827  		s = p.parseGoStmt()
  1828  	case token.DEFER:
  1829  		s = p.parseDeferStmt()
  1830  	case token.RETURN:
  1831  		s = p.parseReturnStmt()
  1832  	case token.BREAK, token.CONTINUE, token.GOTO, token.FALLTHROUGH:
  1833  		s = p.parseBranchStmt(p.tok)
  1834  	case token.LBRACE:
  1835  		s = p.parseBlockStmt()
  1836  		p.expectSemi()
  1837  	case token.IF:
  1838  		s = p.parseIfStmt()
  1839  	case token.SWITCH:
  1840  		s = p.parseSwitchStmt()
  1841  	case token.SELECT:
  1842  		s = p.parseSelectStmt()
  1843  	case token.FOR:
  1844  		s = p.parseForStmt()
  1845  	case token.SEMICOLON:
  1846  		s = &ast.EmptyStmt{p.pos}
  1847  		p.next()
  1848  	case token.RBRACE:
  1849  		// a semicolon may be omitted before a closing "}"
  1850  		s = &ast.EmptyStmt{p.pos}
  1851  	default:
  1852  		// no statement found
  1853  		pos := p.pos
  1854  		p.errorExpected(pos, "statement")
  1855  		p.next() // make progress
  1856  		s = &ast.BadStmt{pos, p.pos}
  1857  	}
  1858  
  1859  	return
  1860  }
  1861  
  1862  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  1863  // Declarations
  1864  
  1865  type parseSpecFunction func(p *parser, doc *ast.CommentGroup, iota int) ast.Spec
  1866  
  1867  func parseImportSpec(p *parser, doc *ast.CommentGroup, _ int) ast.Spec {
  1868  	if p.trace {
  1869  		defer un(trace(p, "ImportSpec"))
  1870  	}
  1871  
  1872  	var ident *ast.Ident
  1873  	switch p.tok {
  1874  	case token.PERIOD:
  1875  		ident = &ast.Ident{p.pos, ".", nil}
  1876  		p.next()
  1877  	case token.IDENT:
  1878  		ident = p.parseIdent()
  1879  	}
  1880  
  1881  	var path *ast.BasicLit
  1882  	if p.tok == token.STRING {
  1883  		path = &ast.BasicLit{p.pos, p.tok, p.lit}
  1884  		p.next()
  1885  	} else {
  1886  		p.expect(token.STRING) // use expect() error handling
  1887  	}
  1888  	p.expectSemi() // call before accessing p.linecomment
  1889  
  1890  	// collect imports
  1891  	spec := &ast.ImportSpec{doc, ident, path, p.lineComment}
  1892  	p.imports = append(p.imports, spec)
  1893  
  1894  	return spec
  1895  }
  1896  
  1897  func parseConstSpec(p *parser, doc *ast.CommentGroup, iota int) ast.Spec {
  1898  	if p.trace {
  1899  		defer un(trace(p, "ConstSpec"))
  1900  	}
  1901  
  1902  	idents := p.parseIdentList()
  1903  	typ := p.tryType()
  1904  	var values []ast.Expr
  1905  	if typ != nil || p.tok == token.ASSIGN || iota == 0 {
  1906  		p.expect(token.ASSIGN)
  1907  		values = p.parseRhsList()
  1908  	}
  1909  	p.expectSemi() // call before accessing p.linecomment
  1910  
  1911  	// Go spec: The scope of a constant or variable identifier declared inside
  1912  	// a function begins at the end of the ConstSpec or VarSpec and ends at
  1913  	// the end of the innermost containing block.
  1914  	// (Global identifiers are resolved in a separate phase after parsing.)
  1915  	spec := &ast.ValueSpec{doc, idents, typ, values, p.lineComment}
  1916  	p.declare(spec, p.topScope, ast.Con, idents...)
  1917  
  1918  	return spec
  1919  }
  1920  
  1921  func parseTypeSpec(p *parser, doc *ast.CommentGroup, _ int) ast.Spec {
  1922  	if p.trace {
  1923  		defer un(trace(p, "TypeSpec"))
  1924  	}
  1925  
  1926  	ident := p.parseIdent()
  1927  
  1928  	// Go spec: The scope of a type identifier declared inside a function begins
  1929  	// at the identifier in the TypeSpec and ends at the end of the innermost
  1930  	// containing block.
  1931  	// (Global identifiers are resolved in a separate phase after parsing.)
  1932  	spec := &ast.TypeSpec{doc, ident, nil, nil}
  1933  	p.declare(spec, p.topScope, ast.Typ, ident)
  1934  
  1935  	spec.Type = p.parseType()
  1936  	p.expectSemi() // call before accessing p.linecomment
  1937  	spec.Comment = p.lineComment
  1938  
  1939  	return spec
  1940  }
  1941  
  1942  func parseVarSpec(p *parser, doc *ast.CommentGroup, _ int) ast.Spec {
  1943  	if p.trace {
  1944  		defer un(trace(p, "VarSpec"))
  1945  	}
  1946  
  1947  	idents := p.parseIdentList()
  1948  	typ := p.tryType()
  1949  	var values []ast.Expr
  1950  	if typ == nil || p.tok == token.ASSIGN {
  1951  		p.expect(token.ASSIGN)
  1952  		values = p.parseRhsList()
  1953  	}
  1954  	p.expectSemi() // call before accessing p.linecomment
  1955  
  1956  	// Go spec: The scope of a constant or variable identifier declared inside
  1957  	// a function begins at the end of the ConstSpec or VarSpec and ends at
  1958  	// the end of the innermost containing block.
  1959  	// (Global identifiers are resolved in a separate phase after parsing.)
  1960  	spec := &ast.ValueSpec{doc, idents, typ, values, p.lineComment}
  1961  	p.declare(spec, p.topScope, ast.Var, idents...)
  1962  
  1963  	return spec
  1964  }
  1965  
  1966  func (p *parser) parseGenDecl(keyword token.Token, f parseSpecFunction) *ast.GenDecl {
  1967  	if p.trace {
  1968  		defer un(trace(p, "GenDecl("+keyword.String()+")"))
  1969  	}
  1970  
  1971  	doc := p.leadComment
  1972  	pos := p.expect(keyword)
  1973  	var lparen, rparen token.Pos
  1974  	var list []ast.Spec
  1975  	if p.tok == token.LPAREN {
  1976  		lparen = p.pos
  1977  		p.next()
  1978  		for iota := 0; p.tok != token.RPAREN && p.tok != token.EOF; iota++ {
  1979  			list = append(list, f(p, p.leadComment, iota))
  1980  		}
  1981  		rparen = p.expect(token.RPAREN)
  1982  		p.expectSemi()
  1983  	} else {
  1984  		list = append(list, f(p, nil, 0))
  1985  	}
  1986  
  1987  	return &ast.GenDecl{doc, pos, keyword, lparen, list, rparen}
  1988  }
  1989  
  1990  func (p *parser) parseReceiver(scope *ast.Scope) *ast.FieldList {
  1991  	if p.trace {
  1992  		defer un(trace(p, "Receiver"))
  1993  	}
  1994  
  1995  	pos := p.pos
  1996  	par := p.parseParameters(scope, false)
  1997  
  1998  	// must have exactly one receiver
  1999  	if par.NumFields() != 1 {
  2000  		p.errorExpected(pos, "exactly one receiver")
  2001  		// TODO determine a better range for BadExpr below
  2002  		par.List = []*ast.Field{{Type: &ast.BadExpr{pos, pos}}}
  2003  		return par
  2004  	}
  2005  
  2006  	// recv type must be of the form ["*"] identifier
  2007  	recv := par.List[0]
  2008  	base := deref(recv.Type)
  2009  	if _, isIdent := base.(*ast.Ident); !isIdent {
  2010  		p.errorExpected(base.Pos(), "(unqualified) identifier")
  2011  		par.List = []*ast.Field{{Type: &ast.BadExpr{recv.Pos(), recv.End()}}}
  2012  	}
  2013  
  2014  	return par
  2015  }
  2016  
  2017  func (p *parser) parseFuncDecl() *ast.FuncDecl {
  2018  	if p.trace {
  2019  		defer un(trace(p, "FunctionDecl"))
  2020  	}
  2021  
  2022  	doc := p.leadComment
  2023  	pos := p.expect(token.FUNC)
  2024  	scope := ast.NewScope(p.topScope) // function scope
  2025  
  2026  	var recv *ast.FieldList
  2027  	if p.tok == token.LPAREN {
  2028  		recv = p.parseReceiver(scope)
  2029  	}
  2030  
  2031  	ident := p.parseIdent()
  2032  
  2033  	params, results := p.parseSignature(scope)
  2034  
  2035  	var body *ast.BlockStmt
  2036  	if p.tok == token.LBRACE {
  2037  		body = p.parseBody(scope)
  2038  	}
  2039  	p.expectSemi()
  2040  
  2041  	decl := &ast.FuncDecl{doc, recv, ident, &ast.FuncType{pos, params, results}, body}
  2042  	if recv == nil {
  2043  		// Go spec: The scope of an identifier denoting a constant, type,
  2044  		// variable, or function (but not method) declared at top level
  2045  		// (outside any function) is the package block.
  2046  		//
  2047  		// init() functions cannot be referred to and there may
  2048  		// be more than one - don't put them in the pkgScope
  2049  		if ident.Name != "init" {
  2050  			p.declare(decl, p.pkgScope, ast.Fun, ident)
  2051  		}
  2052  	}
  2053  
  2054  	return decl
  2055  }
  2056  
  2057  func (p *parser) parseDecl() ast.Decl {
  2058  	if p.trace {
  2059  		defer un(trace(p, "Declaration"))
  2060  	}
  2061  
  2062  	var f parseSpecFunction
  2063  	switch p.tok {
  2064  	case token.CONST:
  2065  		f = parseConstSpec
  2066  
  2067  	case token.TYPE:
  2068  		f = parseTypeSpec
  2069  
  2070  	case token.VAR:
  2071  		f = parseVarSpec
  2072  
  2073  	case token.FUNC:
  2074  		return p.parseFuncDecl()
  2075  
  2076  	default:
  2077  		pos := p.pos
  2078  		p.errorExpected(pos, "declaration")
  2079  		p.next() // make progress
  2080  		decl := &ast.BadDecl{pos, p.pos}
  2081  		return decl
  2082  	}
  2083  
  2084  	return p.parseGenDecl(p.tok, f)
  2085  }
  2086  
  2087  func (p *parser) parseDeclList() (list []ast.Decl) {
  2088  	if p.trace {
  2089  		defer un(trace(p, "DeclList"))
  2090  	}
  2091  
  2092  	for p.tok != token.EOF {
  2093  		list = append(list, p.parseDecl())
  2094  	}
  2095  
  2096  	return
  2097  }
  2098  
  2099  // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  2100  // Source files
  2101  
  2102  func (p *parser) parseFile() *ast.File {
  2103  	if p.trace {
  2104  		defer un(trace(p, "File"))
  2105  	}
  2106  
  2107  	// package clause
  2108  	doc := p.leadComment
  2109  	pos := p.expect(token.PACKAGE)
  2110  	// Go spec: The package clause is not a declaration;
  2111  	// the package name does not appear in any scope.
  2112  	ident := p.parseIdent()
  2113  	if ident.Name == "_" {
  2114  		p.error(p.pos, "invalid package name _")
  2115  	}
  2116  	p.expectSemi()
  2117  
  2118  	var decls []ast.Decl
  2119  
  2120  	// Don't bother parsing the rest if we had errors already.
  2121  	// Likely not a Go source file at all.
  2122  
  2123  	if p.ErrorCount() == 0 && p.mode&PackageClauseOnly == 0 {
  2124  		// import decls
  2125  		for p.tok == token.IMPORT {
  2126  			decls = append(decls, p.parseGenDecl(token.IMPORT, parseImportSpec))
  2127  		}
  2128  
  2129  		if p.mode&ImportsOnly == 0 {
  2130  			// rest of package body
  2131  			for p.tok != token.EOF {
  2132  				decls = append(decls, p.parseDecl())
  2133  			}
  2134  		}
  2135  	}
  2136  
  2137  	assert(p.topScope == p.pkgScope, "imbalanced scopes")
  2138  
  2139  	// resolve global identifiers within the same file
  2140  	i := 0
  2141  	for _, ident := range p.unresolved {
  2142  		// i <= index for current ident
  2143  		assert(ident.Obj == unresolved, "object already resolved")
  2144  		ident.Obj = p.pkgScope.Lookup(ident.Name) // also removes unresolved sentinel
  2145  		if ident.Obj == nil {
  2146  			p.unresolved[i] = ident
  2147  			i++
  2148  		}
  2149  	}
  2150  
  2151  	// TODO(gri): store p.imports in AST
  2152  	return &ast.File{doc, pos, ident, decls, p.pkgScope, p.imports, p.unresolved[0:i], p.comments}
  2153  }
  2154  

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